Đề 13 – Bài tập, đề thi trắc nghiệm online Sinh lý nội tiết

A A. Cortisol B B. Estrogen C C. Insulin D D. Thyroxine (T4)

A A. Estrogen B B. Progesterone C C. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) D D. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

A A. Estrogen B B. Progesterone C C. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) D D. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

A A. Decrease basal metabolic rate (BMR). B B. Increase glucose storage as glycogen. C C. Increase basal metabolic rate (BMR) and heat production. D D. Promote fat storage and reduce lipid breakdown.

A A. Thyroid gland B B. Pineal gland C C. Adrenal gland D D. Pituitary gland

A A. Weight loss and muscle wasting. B B. Increased appetite and weight gain, particularly in the trunk and face. C C. Low blood pressure and hypoglycemia. D D. Decreased immune function and increased susceptibility to infections.

A A. Decreased bone density and increased risk of fractures. B B. Proportional overgrowth of all body tissues. C C. Enlargement of hands, feet, and facial features. D D. Significant decrease in muscle mass and strength.

A A. Adrenal medulla: Cortisol B B. Adrenal cortex: Epinephrine C C. Adrenal medulla: Aldosterone D D. Adrenal cortex: Cortisol

A A. Cortisol B B. Insulin C C. Epinephrine (Adrenaline) D D. Thyroxine (T4)

A A. Insulin B B. Melatonin C C. Growth Hormone (GH) D D. Cortisol

A A. To decrease sodium reabsorption in the kidneys. B B. To promote vasoconstriction of blood vessels. C C. To increase sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in the kidneys. D D. To inhibit the release of renin from the kidneys.

A A. Cortisol B B. Insulin C C. Epinephrine D D. Aldosterone

A A. To increase sodium excretion in the kidneys. B B. To decrease water reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to increased urine volume. C C. To increase water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine volume. D D. To stimulate thirst, increasing fluid intake.

A A. Calcitonin B B. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) C C. Insulin D D. Aldosterone

A A. Directly altering the DNA sequence of the target cell. B B. Binding to specific receptors on or in the target cell. C C. Physically blocking other signaling molecules from reaching the target cell. D D. Increasing the metabolic rate of the target cell indiscriminately.

A A. Lowering blood glucose levels. B B. Promoting sodium retention and potassium excretion. C C. Increasing blood glucose levels and suppressing the immune system. D D. Stimulating the 'fight or flight′ response.

A A. Steroid hormones bind to cell surface receptors, while peptide hormones bind to intracellular receptors. B B. Steroid hormones are synthesized from amino acids, while peptide hormones are synthesized from cholesterol. C C. Steroid hormones can directly cross the cell membrane, while peptide hormones typically require cell surface receptors to initiate a response. D D. Peptide hormones have longer half-lives in the bloodstream compared to steroid hormones.

A A. Direct neuronal innervation of anterior pituitary cells. B B. Secretion of releasing and inhibiting hormones into the hypophyseal portal system. C C. Production of hormones that are directly stored and released by the anterior pituitary. D D. Regulation of blood flow to the anterior pituitary, thereby controlling hormone delivery.

A A. To stimulate appetite and promote food intake. B B. To inhibit insulin secretion from the pancreas. C C. To regulate long-term energy balance by signaling satiety and reducing appetite. D D. To increase glucose production in the liver during fasting.

A A. Hypertension and edema. B B. Hyperglycemia and weight gain. C C. Hypotension, fatigue, and hyperpigmentation of the skin. D D. Moon face and buffalo hump.

A A. Stimulation of the hypothalamus to release more TRH. B B. Stimulation of the anterior pituitary to release more TSH. C C. Inhibition of the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary, reducing TRH and TSH secretion. D D. No effect on the hypothalamus or anterior pituitary, as thyroid hormones only affect peripheral tissues.

A A. Endocrine glands secrete their products into ducts, while exocrine glands secrete directly into the bloodstream. B B. Endocrine glands secrete hormones, while exocrine glands secrete enzymes. C C. Endocrine glands are typically located near the surface of the body, while exocrine glands are deeper within tissues. D D. Endocrine glands secrete their products directly into the bloodstream, while exocrine glands secrete into ducts.

A A. To promote glucose uptake by cells, lowering blood glucose. B B. To stimulate glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver, raising blood glucose. C C. To inhibit the breakdown of fats and proteins, conserving energy stores. D D. To increase the permeability of cell membranes to glucose, facilitating glucose entry.

A A. Growth Hormone (GH) B B. Prolactin (PRL) C C. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) D D. Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

A A. Estrogen B B. Progesterone C C. Testosterone D D. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

A A. Adrenal gland B B. Thyroid gland C C. Pancreas D D. Liver

A A. Stimulating thyroid hormone synthesis. B B. Promoting milk production in mammary glands. C C. Regulating blood calcium levels. D D. Controlling blood glucose levels.

A A. Insulin resistance in target tissues. B B. Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. C C. Excessive glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells. D D. Increased production of insulin by the pancreas.

A A. Pancreas B B. Liver C C. Thyroid gland D D. Adrenal gland

A A. Regulation of metabolism and energy balance. B B. Control of growth and development. C C. Coordination of rapid responses to environmental stimuli via electrical signals. D D. Maintenance of water and electrolyte balance.