Đề 5 – Bài tập, đề thi trắc nghiệm online Miễn dịch

A A. Rapid, non-specific response. B B. Immediate response to all pathogens. C C. Specificity and immunological memory. D D. Lack of response to self-antigens.

A A. To initiate the primary immune response. B B. To directly kill pathogens during the first exposure. C C. To provide a faster and stronger secondary immune response. D D. To suppress the immune response after infection.

A A. Tuberculosis. B B. Type 2 Diabetes. C C. Rheumatoid arthritis. D D. Influenza.

A A. To directly kill infected cells. B B. To enhance antibody production. C C. To suppress or regulate immune responses, preventing autoimmunity. D D. To initiate the inflammatory response.

A A. To directly destroy pathogens. B B. To transport oxygen to immune cells. C C. To act as signaling molecules between immune cells. D D. To neutralize toxins in the bloodstream.

A A. To suppress the immune response. B B. To prevent pathogen entry into tissues. C C. To recruit immune cells to the site of infection and initiate tissue repair. D D. To directly neutralize viral infections.

A A. Immunity acquired after recovering from chickenpox. B B. Antibodies transferred from mother to baby through breast milk. C C. Immunity developed after vaccination against polio. D D. The body's natural response to a bacterial infection.

A A. By producing antibodies that neutralize the pathogen. B B. By phagocytosing infected cells. C C. By releasing cytotoxic granules that induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) in infected cells. D D. By activating the complement system to lyse infected cells.

A A. Cells that produce antibodies. B B. Proteins that destroy pathogens. C C. Substances that trigger an immune response. D D. Chemicals that neutralize toxins.

A A. Antibodies. B B. Complement proteins. C C. T lymphocytes. D D. B lymphocytes.

A A. Overactive innate immunity. B B. Exaggerated adaptive immune response to harmless substances. C C. Deficiency in antibody production. D D. Failure of cell-mediated immunity.

A A. B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes. B B. Macrophages and neutrophils. C C. Plasma cells and memory cells. D D. Helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells.

A A. Immunity acquired through natural infection in a large population. B B. Protection of unvaccinated individuals in a population due to high vaccination rates. C C. The ability of an individual to resist multiple infections simultaneously. D D. The decline in immune function in an aging population.

A A. Because memory cells directly eliminate pathogens during the primary infection. B B. Because memory cells prevent the initial infection from occurring. C C. Because memory cells allow for a faster and more effective immune response upon re-exposure to the same pathogen. D D. Because memory cells suppress the immune response after the primary infection.

A A. The ability of the immune system to mount a strong response to pathogens. B B. The state of unresponsiveness of the immune system to self-antigens, preventing autoimmunity. C C. The temporary suppression of the immune system after an infection. D D. The enhanced immune response after repeated exposure to an antigen.

A A. Type I hypersensitivity (immediate hypersensitivity). B B. Type II hypersensitivity (antibody-mediated cytotoxic hypersensitivity). C C. Type III hypersensitivity (immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity). D D. Type IV hypersensitivity (delayed-type hypersensitivity).

A A. To directly kill infected cells. B B. To produce antibodies. C C. To present antigens to T cells. D D. To activate complement proteins.

A A. Increased susceptibility to infections. B B. Development of autoimmune diseases or allergies. C C. Reduced ability to fight off cancer cells. D D. Inefficient clearance of pathogens.

A A. By overstimulating the immune response. B B. By directly attacking and destroying B lymphocytes. C C. By selectively targeting and destroying helper T cells (CD4+ T cells). D D. By enhancing the function of regulatory T cells.

A A. Primary organs activate immune responses, secondary organs filter lymph. B B. Primary organs are where immune cells develop and mature; secondary organs are where immune responses are initiated. C C. Primary organs produce antibodies; secondary organs carry out cell-mediated immunity. D D. Primary organs are involved in innate immunity; secondary organs are involved in adaptive immunity.

A A. T lymphocytes. B B. B lymphocytes. C C. Macrophages. D D. Neutrophils.

A A. To transport oxygen throughout the body. B B. To regulate body temperature. C C. To defend the body against pathogens and diseases. D D. To break down food for energy.

A A. Opsonization of pathogens. B B. Neutralization of toxins. C C. Directly killing infected cells. D D. Activation of the complement system.

A A. Antibody production after vaccination. B B. Skin acting as a physical barrier. C C. Activation of cytotoxic T cells. D D. Development of immunological memory.

A A. The primary response is faster and stronger than the secondary response. B B. The secondary response is faster and stronger due to immunological memory. C C. The primary response involves only innate immunity, while the secondary response involves adaptive immunity. D D. There is no significant difference between primary and secondary immune responses.

A A. Immunodeficiency. B B. Autoimmunity. C C. Allergy. D D. Infection.

A A. A group of cells that produce antibodies. B B. A series of proteins in the blood that enhance immune reactions. C C. A network of lymphatic vessels that filter pathogens. D D. The primary organ responsible for T cell maturation.

A A. Innate immune response. B B. Passive immunity. C C. Active adaptive immunity and immunological memory. D D. Immediate antibody production without memory.

A A. To produce antibodies directly. B B. To directly kill pathogens by phagocytosis. C C. To capture antigens and present them to T cells in lymph nodes, initiating adaptive immune responses. D D. To suppress inflammatory responses at the site of infection.

A A. Preventing autoimmune reactions in the recipient. B B. Suppressing the recipient's immune system to prevent rejection of the transplanted organ. C C. Enhancing the recipient's innate immunity to fight infections. D D. Stimulating antibody production against the transplanted organ.