Đề 4 – Bài tập, đề thi trắc nghiệm online Miễn dịch – Nhiễm trùng

A A. To produce antibodies. B B. To directly kill virus-infected cells. C C. To enhance phagocytosis, promote inflammation, and directly lyse pathogens. D D. To regulate body temperature during infection.

A A. Bacterial infections B B. Viral infections C C. Fungal infections D D. Parasitic infections

A A. The body becomes resistant to antibiotics. B B. Bacteria develop mechanisms to survive antibiotic treatment. C C. Viruses become resistant to antibiotics. D D. Fungi become resistant to antibiotics.

A A. The idea that excessive cleanliness in early childhood may increase the risk of allergic diseases. B B. The importance of maintaining good personal hygiene to prevent infections. C C. The theory that vaccines are unnecessary if hygiene is maintained. D D. The concept that only poor hygiene leads to infections.

A A. Antibodies B B. Skin C C. T cells D D. Complement system

A A. To transport oxygen throughout the body. B B. To regulate body temperature. C C. To defend the body against pathogens. D D. To digest food and absorb nutrients.

A A. To decrease blood vessel permeability. B B. To cause vasoconstriction. C C. To promote vasodilation and increase blood vessel permeability. D D. To inhibit phagocytosis.

A A. An infection that is easily treated with antibiotics. B B. An infection that only occurs in individuals with a weakened immune system. C C. An infection that is beneficial to the host. D D. An infection that is highly contagious and spreads rapidly.

A A. A localized infection. B B. An allergic reaction. C C. A life-threatening condition caused by the body's overwhelming response to an infection. D D. An autoimmune disease.

A A. IgG B B. IgM C C. IgE D D. IgA

A A. Long-lasting protection. B B. Development of immunological memory. C C. Immediate but temporary protection. D D. Production of antibodies by the individual's own immune system.

A A. Pollen B B. Dust mites C C. Bacteria D D. Sunlight

A A. Opsonization of pathogens to enhance phagocytosis. B B. Neutralization of toxins and viruses. C C. Directly killing infected cells. D D. Activation of the complement system.

A A. Filtering lymph to remove pathogens and cellular debris. B B. Transporting oxygen to tissues. C C. Housing immune cells, such as lymphocytes. D D. Draining excess fluid from tissues.

A A. Producing antibodies. B B. Activating B cells. C C. Killing infected or cancerous cells. D D. Suppressing the immune response.

A A. T lymphocytes B B. B lymphocytes C C. Natural killer cells D D. Mast cells

A A. Bacterial infection B B. Viral infection C C. Mycosis D D. Protozoan infection

A A. Directly killing pathogens. B B. Producing antibodies themselves. C C. Releasing cytokines to activate other immune cells, including B cells and cytotoxic T cells. D D. Mediating allergic reactions.

A A. B lymphocytes B B. T lymphocytes C C. Natural killer (NK) cells D D. Plasma cells

A A. To immediately kill pathogens upon first exposure. B B. To initiate the innate immune response. C C. To provide a faster and stronger response upon re-exposure to the same pathogen. D D. To produce antibodies during the initial infection only.

A A. Immunity acquired through natural infection only. B B. Immunity present only in animals, not humans. C C. Protection of unvaccinated individuals when a large percentage of the population is vaccinated. D D. Immunity that lasts for a lifetime.

A A. Antibodies passed from mother to baby through breast milk. B B. Antibodies received through an antiserum injection. C C. Immunity developed after recovering from chickenpox. D D. Protection provided by monoclonal antibodies.

A A. Producing antibodies to neutralize pathogens. B B. Killing virus-infected cells. C C. Engulfing and destroying pathogens and cellular debris. D D. Activating the complement system.

A A. Redness B B. Swelling C C. Pain D D. Numbness

A A. The immune system overreacts to harmless substances like pollen. B B. The immune system fails to recognize and attack pathogens. C C. The immune system attacks the body's own tissues and cells. D D. The immune system is suppressed, making the body vulnerable to infections.

A A. Highly specific response to each pathogen. B B. Slow response, developing over weeks. C C. Memory response upon re-exposure to the same pathogen. D D. Rapid and non-specific response to pathogens.

A A. A decreased production of cytokines leading to immune suppression. B B. A balanced and controlled release of cytokines during infection. C C. An excessive and uncontrolled release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to tissue damage. D D. The normal inflammatory response that resolves infection effectively.

A A. B lymphocytes B B. Neutrophils C C. T lymphocytes D D. Macrophages

A A. To kill bacteria. B B. To inhibit viral replication inside host cells. C C. To stimulate the immune system to attack bacteria. D D. To block fungal growth.

A A. Innate immunity B B. Adaptive immunity C C. Inflammatory response D D. Complement system